Basics – Lyme Disease in Children/Pregnancy

Q. Can children get Lyme disease and these other tickborne diseases?
Q. How are children treated for Lyme disease?
Q. What about pregnant and nursing mothers?
Q. Can children get Lyme disease and these other tickborne diseases?

A. Yes, and because they spend more time outdoors and may not know which areas to avoid, they are at greater risk than adults. Their symptoms may be different from an adult case of LD. Children infected with LD often initially have a flu-like illness during the summer months and may sleep for a day or more. They often complain that light hurts their eyes. Few children develop the bull’s eye rash. Stomach problems are common in children with LD.

With persistent LD, children tire easily and often do not want to participate in physical activity. Most devastating are the cognitive problems LD may bring. Infected children may suddenly develop learning disabilities and/or behavior problems. Researchers have found that LD is the cause of some instances of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Some children become physically impaired or even disabled. Teenagers in particular may suddenly exhibit psychological problems, including personality or behavior changes. Adolescents may exhibit self-mutilation (“cutting”). Many children of all ages struggle in school. A sudden change in school performance following an illness is suspect.

Q. How are children treated for Lyme disease?

A. Antibiotics are used to treat LD in children, but the drugs used may be different from those used to treat adolescents or adults. Unfortunately, not many doctors are experienced in diagnosing and treating LD in children.

Q. What about pregnant and nursing mothers?

A. A woman with Lyme or other tick-borne diseases can transmit the infection to her baby during pregnancy. The DNA of Lyme bacteria can be found in breast milk and it may be possible for the baby to be infected from nursing, although this has not been demonstrated in humans. It is suspected that pregnant women infected with tick-borne diseases can suffer miscarriages, or the baby may be born with birth defects.

Unfortunately, many antibiotics are unsafe for pregnant or nursing mothers, so a doctor’s choice of treatment is limited. Expectant mothers need to be extremely careful to avoid becoming infected with tick-borne diseases. Early, aggressive, and continuous antibiotic treatment of the mother during pregnancy appears to be effective in preventing  infection of the newborn.

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